An Example of Sound Analysis: Perceptual Responses to Different Instrumental
Mixtures
The present paper is not an
analysis of music ‘without score’. Its score does exist. Our analysis, however,
is not referred to the actual structure of the written notes, but to their
global perceptual effect, which is not contained in the score, but only in the
minds of the composer and the listeners: we analyse an object that is beyond
the score. The research is based on Laborintus II by Luciano Berio, in a
short episode of the work he calls ‘canzonetta’: in that moment the speaker
reads a fragment taken from La Vita Nova by Dante Alighieri: “…
dolcissima morte, io porto già lo tuo colore” (my sweet death, I already bring
your colour). The ‘colour’ of death is reproduced by the singing voices and the
instruments. We recorded separately 8 small
groups of homogeneous instruments and voices in a performance of this chamber
piece in order to obtain a global result that we could mechanically modify by
subtracting one or more of such groups. We prepared four different excerpts:
one with the original version and three with modified versions. The project
involved an empirical phase: we asked questions to two groups of 25 subjects:
non musicians and musicians. We asked them to listen to 12 pairs of opposite
emotional and sensorial adjectives graded from 1 to 7 and to choose among one
or the other of the two opposite words. The verbal results have been
interpreted in order to evaluate the contribution of the different instrumental
groups on the global effect. In the first phase of the paper we will describe
the responses of the subjects, in the second we will discuss differences
between a number of selected spectrograms.
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